Basic Components-Passive

Circuit Components

• Passive components
• Active  components

The main difference between active and passive components is that active ones require to be powered in some way to make them work but passive doesn't need external power.

      Passive Components : Resistor, capacitor, Inductor etc

      Active Components : Diode, Transistor, ICs etc

Now we can familiarize the basic passive components.

Resistor
Gives resistance to the flow of current.Fixed & Variable type.

The colour coding of resistors is shown below. 

   





Fixed Resistance: the resistance value is fixed. They can be wirewound type, metal film types, thick or thin film type, foil type etc.

Variable resistors: Can vary the resistance values. Some examples are shown below.

Resistance networks (Packs): it is a network of resistors as shown below. 

Connections of resistors

Resistors in series

The Current through all the resistors in series is same but the voltage drop will be different. The equivalent    resistance is the sum of all the resistances 

   

 R_eq = R1 + R2

Resistors in parallel

       The voltage between resistors in parallel is same but the current may be different. 

   

      
Capacitor

      Used to store energy. capacitor stores charge. Unit of capacitance is Farad. Blocks Direct Current  & allow to  pass Analog Current. Fixed and variable capacitors are there. 

Fixed type

  Variable capacitors

 Connection of capacitors      

 Capacitors in Series

Equivalent capacitance is given by 

    

Capacitors in parallel

The equivalent capacitance is given by

Inductors

       It stores energy as magnetic field. Simply it is a coil of wire. Inductance is typified by the behavior of a coil of wire in resisting any change of electric current through the coil. Unit of inductance is Henry. If inductance is represented as L, then the   

      

 emf generated in the coil is given by 

 emf, e= -L(dI/dt)

There are different types of inductors based on their type of core and inductor can be fixed as well as variable.

Connection of Inductors

 Inductors in series 

    

Inductor in parallel

       We can discuss the other components like diode transistor etc in the following pages.

        

    Please Note: 

       Most of the pictures i used in this blog are from other sites. If anyone finds any errors or flaws in the contents of the page, please correct me.